methyltestosterone
Sources réglementaires consultées
Indications approuvées
- Traitement des symptômes vasomoteurs modérés ou sévères de la ménopause non améliorés par les œstrogènes seuls.
Contre-indications
Absolues
- Saignement génital non diagnostiqué, cancer du sein connu ou suspecté, ou néoplasie œstrogénodépendante.
- Thrombose veineuse profonde, embolie pulmonaire, maladie thromboembolique artérielle ou thrombophilie actuelle ou antérieure.
- Maladie hépatique, grossesse ou hypersensibilité aux composants.
Mises en garde cliniques
- Mise en garde encadrée · L’association conserve les risques liés aux œstrogènes — cancers de l’endomètre et du sein, accident vasculaire cérébral, thrombose veineuse et embolie pulmonaire ; utiliser la dose et la durée efficaces les plus faibles. — DailyMed, set_id 2157d248-f6f5-4cb4-806d-d2e8eec6a8db
- Mise en garde majeure · La méthyltestostérone peut provoquer une virilisation, un ictère cholestatique, une péliose hépatique ou une tumeur hépatique ; arrêter en cas de signes de virilisation ou de dysfonction hépatique. — DailyMed, set_id 2157d248-f6f5-4cb4-806d-d2e8eec6a8db
Interactions médicamenteuses
- SévèreAnticoagulants oraux
Mécanisme: Les androgènes peuvent augmenter la réponse anticoagulante.
Recommandation: Surveiller étroitement la coagulation et ajuster l’anticoagulant selon la réponse.
DailyMed, set_id 2157d248-f6f5-4cb4-806d-d2e8eec6a8dbhttps://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=2157d248-f6f5-4cb4-806d-d2e8eec6a8db
- ModéréeInsuline
Mécanisme: Les effets métaboliques des androgènes peuvent diminuer la glycémie et les besoins en insuline chez les patients diabétiques.
Recommandation: Surveiller la glycémie et ajuster l’insuline avec l’équipe soignante si nécessaire.
DailyMed, set_id 2157d248-f6f5-4cb4-806d-d2e8eec6a8dbhttps://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=2157d248-f6f5-4cb4-806d-d2e8eec6a8db
Effets indésirables
Communs (≥1%)
Céphalées · Douleur mammaire · Nausées · Acné ou hirsutisme · Modification de la voix · Saignement utérin
Rares mais graves
Thrombose ou embolie · Péliose hépatique ou tumeur hépatique · Virilisation irréversible
Grossesse et allaitement
Contre-indiqué pendant la grossesse et chez les mères qui allaitent en raison du risque de masculinisation d’un fœtus féminin ou du nourrisson allaité.
Bibliographie récente (PubMed)
Severely skewed sex ratios in zebrafish stocks can pose significant hurdles for line propagation and sperm cryopreservation. To overcome female-biased sex ratios in stocks derived from imported sperm samples, the Zebrafish International Resource Center has implemented routine supplementation of larval food with 17α-methyltestosterone to skew gonadal sex differentiation toward masculinization. Resulting stocks averaged 80% males.
Testosterone deficiency is a clinical disorder due to either failure of the testes to produce testosterone or failure of the hypothalamus or pituitary to produce sufficient gonadotropins. Previous formulations of oral testosterone therapy, particularly methyltestosterone, have been associated with adverse liver effects. Many different routes of testosterone delivery have been developed, each with their own administrative benefits and challenges. Newer formulations of oral testosterone undecanoate (TU) provide a convenient administration option, although their use has been limited by hepatotoxicity concerns based on older methyltestosterone data, and prescribing physicians may still be concerned about adverse liver effects. In this review, we discuss the history of oral testosterone development, clarify the mechanism of action of oral TU, and describe the relevant liver safety findings. Relevant literature was allocated to present a review on the history of oral TU development and the mechanism of action of oral TU. We pooled data from individual studies of oral TU products to present a safety summary. Overall, safety results from studies of the newer formulations of oral TU showed that increased liver function test values are not generally associated with oral TU formulations and that no clinically significant liver toxicities were noted in clinical trials of oral TU. Continued research into the safety of oral TU will contribute to a better understanding of the potential risks in patients receiving this therapy, an outcome that highlights the importance of providing patient education and reassurance regarding oral TU safety. Nonsyndromic 46,XX testicular disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) are characterized by: the presence of a 46,XX karyotype; external genitalia ranging from typical male to ambiguous; two testicles; azoospermia; absence of müllerian structures; and absence of other syndromic features, such as congenital anomalies outside of the genitour
This study investigated the individual and combined effects of Polystyrene microplastics (PS) and 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) on the gill and liver of Gobiocypris rarus.Exposure to PS (0.5 mg/L) and MT (50 ng/L) induced significant histopathological alterations and immunotoxicity. Tissues exhibited inflammatory infiltration, nuclear dissolution, and cytoplasmic vacuolation, with the most severe lesions observed under combined exposure. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of immune and oxidative stress-related genes, including caspase 6 (CASP6), interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI), NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), and C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), while antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were disrupted, indicating enhanced oxidative stress. Transcriptomic analysis of gills further revealed enrichment of ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules, and leukocyte transendothelial migration pathways, suggesting that PS and MT may compromise immune function by interfering with extracellular matrix-related signaling, thereby exacerbating tissue damage and posing combined ecological risks in aquatic organisms.